Seismic engineering has never been more capable. Codes are updated, analysis methods are refined, and hazard maps are more precise than ever. Yet in countries where thousands of buildings go up every year outside formal engineering systems, that capability does not automatically translate into safer buildings. Engineers working at that scale know this, the problem is not the design. It is what happens between the drawing and the finished structure.
This session follows a direct path: starting from that paradox, tracing where seismic safety breaks down in the delivery chain, introducing the Population-Calibrated Seismic Safety framework, and ending with what engineers can actually do differently. Dr. Jitendra Bothara draws on 30 years of practice across more than twenty countries to show how safety can be designed not just for the ideal building, but for the building that actually gets built.
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